Rubber is a flexible product that is used in numerous domestic and industrial applications. Universally, the rubber is extracted in a form of thick liquid from trees which is very soft in nature. But this kind of rubber does not have many usages. Hence, this natural rubber is purified using various processes that provide an excellent end product known as polyisoprene. Further, this kind of rubber is blended using artificial methods. This type of rubber has many industrial usages as compared to natural rubber. Moreover, this type of rubber is used to make many types of tires, tubes, industrial cushions, industrial products, household products and many more.

Rubber is also used in construction for flooring, matting, etc. On the other hand, it is used extensively in manufacturing, medical products like surgical gloves, etc. The rubber material comprises a high molecular structure that has a long interlinking polymer that makes it unique for multiple usages in different production verticals.

During the lifespan of a rubber product, it bears continuous fracture and flexural cracking that rupture the formation process completely. As the strain on the product increases, it shows fracture and cracking. It is necessary to inspect the material before starting the production process, to enhance the life of a good. The few minutes of testing or inspection process, required to inspect the rubber goods, are nothing when it is compared with the lifespan changing efficiency of a product which is in the hands of manufacturers. On the other hand, rubber goods are considered as a safety measure in preventing electrical current that can cause an accidental death. Hence, rubber products are manufactured by following strict industrial protocols that help to reduce down the risk to a great extent. Maintenance of quality of rubber products includes inspection, protection and testing.

The ability of rubber material used in manufacturing gloves, shoes, and other related goods to resist repeated flexing is determined with the help of the Bennewart Flex Tester. The testing equipment is demanded mainly by the manufacturers in rubber industries. The instrument helps to determine the crack resistance of elastomers to enhance the expansion at the time of repeated flexing. It is a modern testing device which is used to judge the effects that occur on the surface of a rubber material like crack enlargement and initiation. The test instrument is mainly used to determine the quality and life of footwear soles and other rubber products.

Apart from this, there are many flex testers available that helps to determine the quality and cracking resistance of rubber goods like Ross Flexing Tester, De-Mattia flex tester, accelerated weathering tester, etc.

Do you know the secret strategies that allow you to answer questions successfully when negotiating? Successful negotiators use these secret strategies all the time. If you don’t know what the strategies are and you’d like to unlock the door to more successful negotiation outcomes, take the time to uncover the ease at which you can discover and apply three secret strategies when you negotiate. You’ll increase your negotiation skills by using these secret strategies.

1. When a question is posed that you don’t want to answer, ignore it. Instead, reply by making a statement that’s beneficial to your position.

a. Ex: You’re negotiating ‘price’ and you’re asked the question, “Don’t you think your price is a little high?” Instead of addressing the question, you might respond with, “The value contained in our product nets a 33% return on investment.” In this case, you haven’t answered the question, but instead you shifted the discussion towards a point that is more advantageous to your position. Of course, you have to be prepared to substantiate your claim.

2. Listen to the way questions are phrased and observe the body language (nonverbal signals) that’s conveyed with them.

a. Ex: The other negotiator says, “You’re price is not right”. (For the sake of highlighting his body language posture, envision him with raised hands, palms up.) In that situation, the phraseology, “You’re price is not right” is not very directive. By raising his hands, with his palms up (nonverbal body language signal), he could be indicating the price should be higher, or he may think the product cost too much. In such a situation, probe first. You might ask, “What do you mean when you state my price is not right?” You should ask that question, instead of responding by lowering your price. He may think the deal is too good to be true, which may be the real concern behind his statement.

3. When asked questions containing multiple parts, address the segment that suits your point.

a. Ex: “If we can come to an agreement, would you prefer Monday or Tuesday delivery?” If you were not prepared to discuss the ‘delivery’ part of the question, your response could be, “Let’s discuss the possible covenants of the agreement.” Thus, at that point, the other negotiator would not control the negotiation, you would.

When someone asks you questions during a negotiation, consider his intent. When you understand what the questioner is seeking, you’re better prepared to address his ‘real’ concerns. Always seek ways to address his ‘real’ concerns by utilizing one of the strategies mentioned above, before responding.

If you want to be a more successful negotiator, you have to be adept at fending off questions that are not advantageous to your position. Once you acquire the skills to do so, you’ll be amazed at how successful you’ll become when negotiating… and everything will be right with the world.

The Negotiation Tips Are…

• Questions are used to enrich or detract from your negotiation experience. Be ever vigilant as to how you use them and how they’re used against you.

• The person asking the questions is the person in control of the negotiation. As such, one way to control the negotiation is by asking probing questions that solicit additional insight and information.

• Never be afraid to laugh at a question to highlight it’s folly. Just be sure to direct your gaiety at the question and not the questioner.

Negotiations are a part of everyday life. Whether it’s a merchant creating a package deal for a good customer, or a parent providing incentives for improving a child’s grades, we all use our negotiating powers to get what we want. Although the specifics of each encounter may differ, the strategies and tactics used can easily be categorized.

A strategy is a long-term position on which you can base your overall negotiations. A tactic is a short-term position designed to further your effectiveness in a key aspect of the negotiations. Because strategies and tactics have a great crossover in the ways in which they are approached and applied, they can be grouped together. Remember that one negotiator’s strategy may be another negotiator’s tactic.

Keep these principles in mind: Choose the right moment to utilize a strategy or tactic that will best achieve your goals. Timing is extremely important.  Learn the counters almost by heart. Knowing them, you will be able to react quickly. This will keep you in control of the negotiations.  Ensure that the strategies and tactics you choose allow you to retain any good will that may have been established. Keep in mind, if the relationship is good, you’ll ultimately reach an agreement. Don’t jeopardize it.

Here are common strategies you can use, or that might be utilized on you. They should be part of a Win/Win Negotiations environment to maximize their effectiveness.

1 – SURPRISE: This can take several forms. It may be the introduction of new or unexpected information. Or, it may be a sudden shift in demands that was not anticipated by the other side. Or, it could be a change in the make-up of the negotiations team by adding new members, taking some away, or simply replacing some of the existing team members.

Its purpose is to destabilize the negotiations and put pressure on the other side to take action. If the surprise is big enough and unexpected enough, the other party may react in a way that adversely affects its position, enhancing your position and your ability to guide the negotiations.

The counter is easier said than done. Keep a cool head. React only after evaluating the entire situation. A national motel chain once said, The best surprise is no surprise. By entering a negotiations understanding that the opposition may try to surprise you, you’ll be able to lean back and assess what is happening.

2 – THE ULTIMATUM: This occurs when one side says it will only accept a single outcome in order to force a quick decision. A warning flag must be raised, though. This is a risky move.

If you give an ultimatum and the other party says, “no,” your subsequent options are limited. If you change your mind, you will be perceived as not being up-front or well-prepared for the negotiations. In effect, you can paint yourself into a corner.

The ultimatum is best used as a tactic of last resort. When all-else fails, it may prompt the other side to act rather than risk losing any future attempts to sit down and reach an agreement. The counter to an ultimatum is to provide real, specific offers that can easily be explained to defuse the idea that the only option left is the ultimatum. In other words, the giver of the ultimatum needs a logical way to save face. Present an alternative to a situation that seemingly has none.

3 – REDUCTION TO THE RIDICULOUS This is the use of mathematical calculations, gimmicks, or intangibles to present a position in a new and different light. You can do this to make your position appear more reasonable.

The owner of an office building in which I once rented space told me of a situation when this was successfully used on him. His name is Ron. For many years, Ron returned to the same car dealership to lease a new company car. In the past, he’d always selected a mid-sized, moderately priced American model.

One year, he met with the dealership to sign a new lease. But, instead of leading him to the type of car he’d had in the past, the dealer showed him a new luxury import. Ron balked at the idea. “The lease is too much,” he said.

However, the dealer pointed out to him that the luxury car cost only three dollars a day more than the model of car he normally leased. “Now, Ron,” he said, “isn’t it worth $3 a day to be driving the luxury car instead of the other car?” You guessed it – Ron went for the more expensive lease.

In retrospect, Ron realized that $3 a day is $90 a month or nearly $1100 a year more. He wouldn’t spring for the extra $1100, but he could see the logic in the additional $3 per day. Yet, of course they are the same dollar amount viewed from different perspectives.

The counter is to analyze all items with the same criteria. What Ron should have done was compare the $9 a day that he was paying for his current lease to the $12 a day that he would pay for his new lease.

4 – ITEMIZATION: Sometimes it will be beneficial to request a breakdown of all costs and expenses that have gone into the other party’s opening position. The reason for doing this is to lower the final figure by chiselling away at the individual items which went into compiling the total.

The counter is to provide reasons either for not making the breakdown, or to show that the initial package is really a bargain based upon the higher price of the individual items.

5 – REFERENCES: The validity of a proposal may be verified by another person or organization which has implemented the proposal in the past. The purpose is to provide support from a third party. This can be done via feel-felt-found statements.

Here’s an example: “I understand why you feel that way, Mr. Leahy. Ms. Norris felt the same way. But, by implementing our suggestions, she found that her costs decreased by 30%. I’d be happy to give you her phone number if you’d like to talk with her.” Many of us find the people whom we contract for services by asking our friends and neighbors for recommendations.

Their good reviews become the basis for our choices. This same type of outside opinion can authenticate a negotiating position. Salespeople frequently carry letters from satisfied customers as proof of a product’s reliability. We know that sales reps will say that a product is great, but a third party is the best endorsement for a product.

The counter for this move is to realistically appraise the reference. Is the reference’s situation the same as yours, or is your situation unique? It could be that the reference is a personal friend of the negotiator. Maybe the product or service has changed since the reference utilized it. All of these factors need to be considered.

6 – FLINCHING: A flinch is a dramatic, negative physical reaction to a statement or an offer. It is intended to lower the expectations of the other party.

Since a majority of the information that we receive daily goes beyond the actual words used, body language can convey a message that is more effective than verbal communications. Some experts, in fact, say that as much as 55% of a one-on-one message is non-verbal. So, a calculated flinch, followed by a sigh, then a period of silence, can make the other side feel that an offer is unacceptable.

If this strategy is used on you, refuse to be influenced by it. Enjoy the performance, but get on with the task of negotiating.

7 – AGENT OF LIMITED AUTHORITY: Anyone who has ever negotiated the price of a car at a dealership has seen this strategy used. How often has a sales representative told you that he or she would like to close the deal on the car right now, but only the sales manager can make the final decision? That’s what it means to be an agent of limited authority.

The purpose of this strategy is to buy time and get more input, hopefully moving the negotiations in a direction that is more favorable. Since, in most cases, the negotiator really does have the power to make the final decision, the counter can be packaged in two different ways.

First, you could consider becoming an agent of limited authority yourself, having only the power to “suggest” a final agreement. Your final approval must also be obtained from an absent authority. Or, you could ask to see the person who has the final say-so, refusing to negotiate with anyone who cannot give a yea or nay to your offer.

8- POLICY OR PROCEDURE: In order to make a specific point non-negotiable, one party could declare it to be “accepted” policy or procedure. If the other side concedes this to be correct, the parameters and dynamics of the negotiations have been altered. Now, rather than discuss this item, it has been locked in stone by both sides.

Sometimes, merchants use this strategy to avoid having to accept returned items. Signs in the store might proclaim, “ALL SALES ARE FINAL.” This statement reinforces a position that is totally advantageous to the seller with no regard for the purchaser.

In reality, of course, very few items are so accepted as the norm that no concessions can be made. The counter, then, is to challenge the policy, showing how its enforcement will serve to harm that party. For instance, you might remind the merchant that you can take your trade elsewhere in addition to telling your friends and acquaintances about the poor service you received.

9 – “Try It, You’ll Like It”: You may have heard this strategy referred to as the “puppy dog tactic” for the following reason. Think about how a pet store owner might increase the potential of selling a puppy dog to a family having young children. The parents may be indecisive or not want to spend the money on a pet, even though the children are insistent.

The owner might offer to let the family take the puppy home for the weekend. And, if the family decides not to purchase it, the puppy can be returned the next Monday. Of course, the anticipated result is that the children will become so attached to the pet that it would be unthinkable for the parents to return it. They will have tried it and liked it.

This strategy is used to let the other party see for itself the value of the item. Negotiations require far less effort if the buyer or other party is willing. A trial run with a product which is highly desirable can hasten a favorable decision. To counter this strategy if it is tried on you, attempt to arrange the same type of trial for all alternatives. When they are compared using the same criteria, your perspective could change.

10 – DISBELIEF: This strategy can best be described by the stories which former Secretary of State Henry Kissinger’s staff told about their boss. No matter how good their work, the staff members reported, Kissinger would look them in the eye with a straight face and say, “You’ve got to do better than that.”

The idea was to force better performance or, in the case of negotiations, a better offer. The phrase implies that what was done was so obviously below what was expected that the point didn’t even require discussion.

To counter this strategy, ask one of two questions. The first: “How much better?” This question puts the burden of a response back on the other party and forces that person to state a position.

The second: “Why must I do better?” This query also time to think and placing the other party in an uncomfortable position. If a good reason for “doing better” cannot be given, no changes need to be made.

11 – CHANGING LEVELS: Often a negotiated item will be perceived differently by someone at another level of the organization than by the person directly involved in the negotiations. It may be better to change levels in order to have a specific offer accepted more readily. While most people interpret this strategy to mean approaching a decision-maker who has more power in the organization, it could likewise be smart to approach someone who simply has a specialized type of input.

For example, who would be better qualified to select the proper photocopier to buy – the boss or the administrative assistant? While many people would try to sell directly to the boss, it is logical to assume that the administrative assistant would have the power to sway the boss into making a choice based upon the real needs of the office.

To counter this strategy, you may want to meet in advance of any formal negotiations to ensure that your position is consistent at all levels. In this way, the other party will find that changing levels provides no advantage.

12 – QUICK CLOSE: Put yourself in this situation. You know you’re close to agreement after extensive negotiations, but, somehow, the other party just can’t seem to take the final step in your direction that will seal the deal. That’s when a “quick close” might work.

You’ve seen this strategy used many times. While bargaining with you for an appliance or an automobile, to speed the process along, the salesperson makes an offer that sounds something like this: “We’re close to agreeing on this deal, but I can tell you’re still a little hesitant. Let me do this. I’ll throw in a six-month warranty free. That way, if anything does go wrong, you’ll be covered.”

The intent is to get you to make a decision immediately, closing the negotiations and finalizing the agreement. This type of small additional item can create enough of an impetus to get you or other buyers to act. In most cases, the warranty will cost the merchant little or nothing. However, the perceived value in the offer elicits action. The deal is sweetened with the hope of a positive result.

To counter this strategy, the real value of the extra item must be realistically assessed. If it is advantageous to accept the offer, by all means do so. If, though, the add-on’s value is more fluff than substance, continue the negotiations.

These 12 strategies, when combined with other effective techniques can make the difference in your next negotiations opportunity. By understanding the give-and-take required, you’ll be better prepared to reach your goals.

Beauty products are designed to make a woman beautiful and protect her skin from aging. Beauty products are also designed with aromatherapy purposes. Beauty products are produced by various cosmetic industries and promoted through the media. Men’s beauty products are now a focus of many of the great cosmetics companies because men are buying these products in droves.

Beauty Products

Not all natural beauty care products are the same so reading the labels is essential to know what type of product you are buying. There are also alternatives to the chemically induced makeup products. Natural beauty products are made from minerals without the addition of synthetic materials or fragrances and are much better for skin than mainstream beauty products. These products use plant extracts such as frankincense and fenugreek that have for centuries been used in delaying the signs of ageing. These products deliver a high dose of age defying vitamins, vital phytonutrients, and powerful anti-oxidants. If you are a chemically sensitive person then opting for natural beauty products could be the answer for you.

Cosmetics

Beauty products and cosmetics have been used since the Egyptians and Ancient Greece and Rome. Beauty products are not essential, but they are a luxury that most of us can afford. Beauty products range from skin care products such as soaps, bath salts, creams, exfoliating scrubs, and face and body packs, to hair care products such as shampoos, conditioners, hair colours, and various perming solutions, to overall body-care products such as moisturizers, cold creams, deodorants, nail care, and accessories for bubble baths. Whether it is acne or pimples, white patches or brown, wrinkles or dull skin, there are beauty products on the market that have a cure for everything.

Skincare Products

Skincare products are, by some distance, the fastest growing segment in the cosmetics market. Skin care need not be as difficult, time-consuming or as expensive as some would have you believe. Herbal remedies, herbal skin care, herbal beauty products are not frowned upon, as they are safe, and have negligible side effects. There are also nutritional supplements geared towards maintaining healthy skin and hair. Skin renewal slows down with age because collagen and elastin — the Power Duo of young skin — start to break down. To have natural, youthful and flawless beauty is easily obtainable with the vast array of beauty products available. These beauty products leave your skin vibrant and firm with a sensual smooth feel.

In summary beauty products are not only the kinds of merchandise like make-up, extreme-vanity ridden materials, but the category of beauty supplies also includes simple grooming necessities that everyone needs from day to day. Beauty products now days are designed for men’s and woman’s skin care, skin protection, and skin revitalization. Large varieties of beauty products are introduced on a daily basis. If you are working or having a small baby, or don’t have time to go to beauty parlours, then don’t worry, online beauty products are there for you. You can easily research and access both major beauty product retailers and specialist retailers over the internet. The majority of beauty product suppliers allow you to purchase there goods online and offer money back guarantees.

CHI products are some of the best products for hair care that are currently out on the market. These products are high quality and extremely beneficial for various different hair types. You can find CHI products online and at many different stores.

CHI Silk Infusion is just one of the many fabulous hair products that is designed by the CHI line. This product is one that is meant to be left in the hair. Leaving the product in your hair helps to strengthen it while giving it a beautiful shiny appearance. You can also apply this product to your hair before using heat styling products such as a hair straightener or a blow dryer. The CHI Infusion is made from actual silk proteins.

To use this product, you will first wash and condition hair as you regularly do. Once you get out of the shower, towel dry the hair so that your hair is not dripping water. Comb your hair thoroughly to remove knots and tangles. Then, you will apply a small amount of the CHI Infusion into your hand. Using your hands, work the product throughout your hair. Once you have applied the product evenly throughout the hair, you leave this product in your hair. It does not need to be rinsed out. In fact, rinsing this product out will defeat its main purpose. Next, you can style your hair the way you want to. This product will keep your hair looking amazing and soft while in the process of strengthening it.

Some of the many fabulous features of the CHI Infusion product include strengthening of the hair and prevention of build up. This product provides complete softness. This product is made with pure silk and soy protein. You can purchase CHI Silk Infusion in either a two ounce bottle or a six ounce bottle. The price of this product varies from $8.99-$14.99. There are a ton of great reviews about the CHI Silk Infusion. Many people rave over this product, stating that it has made their hair softer, shinier, and even more manageable. With this product, a little goes a long way. Even a small two ounce bottle of CHI Silk Infusion can last a long time since you only need to put a small amount in your hair. This product will not weigh your hair down.

You may be wondering what are some of the ingredients in this product. CHI Silk Infusion is made from three silicone based chemicals. These different chemicals help provide a smooth texture for hair. They also help to prevent damage of hair caused by excessive heat or other environmental factors. CHI Silk Infusion also contains synthetic pigments, fragrance to make the product smell pleasant, and Phenoxyethanol which helps keep the product fresh while it is still on the shelves. Mica is an added ingredient used to add shimmer. Hydrolyzed Silk is another ingredient in this product which helps to prevent hair follicles from attaching and sticking to one another.